Fructus Rosae Laevigatae

Tóm tắt

Kim anh (Quả) (Fructus Rosae laevigatae) là quả già đã phơi hay sấy khô của cây Kim anh (Rosa laevigata Michx.), họ Hoa hồng (Rosaceae). Cây thường mọc ở các tỉnh miền núi biên giới như Cao Bằng, Lạng Sơn ở Việt Nam và một số khu vực khác tại Trung Quốc và Đài Loan. Quả kim anh có tính toan, cam, sáp, bình, vào các kinh phế, thận, bàng quang. Dược liệu dùng trị di tinh, hoạt tinh, di niệu, niệu tần (tiểu nhiều lần), băng kinh, rong huyết, ỉa chảy, lỵ lâu ngày. Quả kim anh có chứa nhiều thành phần hóa học quan trọng như tanin, vitamin C, saponozit và đường glucoza.

I. Thông tin về dược liệu

Định danh

• Dược liệu tiếng Việt: Kim Anh - Quả
• Dược liệu tiếng Trung: 金樱子 (Jin Ying Zi)
• Dược liệu tiếng Anh: Rosa Laevigata
• Dược liệu latin thông dụng: Fructus Rosae Laevigatae
• Dược liệu latin kiểu DĐVN: Fructus Rosae Laevigatae
• Dược liệu latin kiểu DĐVN: Rosae Laevigatae Fructus
• Dược liệu latin kiểu thông tư: nan
• Bộ phận dùng: Quả (Fructus)

Mô tả dược liệu

Theo dược điển Việt nam V: Quả già (đế hoa lõm biến thành) bổ dọc, hình bầu dục, dài 2 cm đến 4 cm, rộng 0,3 cm đến 1,2 cm. Mép cắt thường quăn gập lại. Mặt ngoài màu da cam, nâu đỏ hoặc nâu sẫm bóng, hơi nhăn nheo, có vết của gai đã rụng. Đầu trên mang vết tích của lá đài và nhị. Đầu dưới còn sót lại một đoạn cuống ngắn. Phần lớn đã được nạo sạch hạt (quả đóng) và lông. Quả đóng có góc, màu vàng nâu nhạt, rất cứng, có nhiều lông tơ. Vị hơi ngọt, chát.

Mô tả dược liệu theo thông tư chế biến dược liệu theo phương pháp cổ truyền: nan

Chế biến

Chế biến theo dược điển việt nam V: Thu hái vào tháng 10 đến 11, khi ‘quả’ chín tới biến thành màu đỏ, phơi khô, loại bỏ gai cứng. Bào chế Kim anh: Loại bỏ tạp chất, rửa sạch, sấy khô. Kim anh nhục (thịt ‘quả’ Kim anh): Lấy quả Kim anh sạch, ngâm mềm, bổ đôi, nạo hết ‘hạt’ (quả đóng) và lông ở trong, phơi hoặc sấy khô.

Chế biến theo thông tư: nan

II. Thông tin về thực vật

Dược liệu Kim Anh - Quả từ bộ phận Quả từ loài Rosa laevigata.

Mô tả thực vật: Cây kim anh là một loại cây mềm, mọc thành bụi, xen lẫn với những cây khác như sim, tre v.v… Cây có thể mọc dài tới 10m. Thân cây có đường kính tới 2cm, thân và cành đều có gai mọc cúp xuống phía gốc như cây hoa hồng. Mỗi mẩu thân thường có 1-2 cành vươn ra rất dài, có thể tới 2-3m. Lá có lá kèm và gồm 3 lá chét. Lá chét hình trứng, 2 đầu nhọn, mép có răng cưa, lá chét giữa dài và rộng hơn. Đừng nhầm với cây tầm xuân có số lá chét nhiều hơn (5-7). Hoa màu trắng, đơn độc, mọc ở đầu cành, khi nở có đường kính rộng tới 5-8cm, nhị màu vàng. Đế hoa lớn, hình chén có gai nhỏ, nhọn, cuống hoa dài 1,5-3cm. Lá đài 5, tràng cũng có 5 cánh, nở vào cuối xuân sang hạ (các tháng 2, 3), quả chín vào các tháng 8, 9, 10. Quả giả (thực ra đó là để hoa) tươi có màu vàng đỏ bóng, cứng hình cái chén, dài 1,5-2cm có cuống dài 2-3cm, phía trên còn sót lại 3-5 lá đài bao vây nhị và vòi hơi nổi phồng lên ngoài mặt có nhiều gai. Khi khô có màu nâu đỏ sẫm hay nhạt, sau khi chế biến, trên mặt có những vết sẹo của gai đã rụng đi. Trong “quả” có rất nhiều lông và “hạt” (thực ra đây mới là quả) hình thon, dẹt, dài 6-7mm, màu vàng nâu nhạt có góc rất cứng. Có hạt có cuống, có hạt không có cuống .

Tài liệu tham khảo: “Những cây thuốc và vị thuốc Việt Nam” - Đỗ Tất Lợi Trong dược điển Việt nam, loài Rosa laevigata được sử dụng làm dược liệu.

Phân loại thực vật của Rosa laevigata

Kingdom: Plantae

Phylum: Tracheophyta

Order: Rosales

Family: Rosaceae

Genus: Rosa

Species: Rosa laevigata

Phân bố trên thế giới: nan, United States of America, China, Hong Kong, South Africa, Korea, Republic of

Phân bố tại Việt nam: Không có ghi nhận ở Việt Nam

III. Thành phần hóa học

Theo tài liệu của GS. Đỗ Tất Lợi: (1) Nhóm hóa học: Acid hữu cơ,Tanin, Vitamin C, Saponozit, Đường, Nhựa. (2) Tên hoạt chất là biomaker : Vitamin C, Saponozit

Theo cơ sở dữ liệu lotus, loài Rosa laevigata đã phân lập và xác định được 98 hoạt chất thuộc về các nhóm Cinnamic acids and derivatives, Benzofurans, Flavonoids, Tannins, Steroids and steroid derivatives, Organooxygen compounds, Benzene and substituted derivatives, Hydroxy acids and derivatives, Prenol lipids, Coumarins and derivatives trong bảng dưới đây.

chemicalTaxonomyClassyfireClass	smiles_count
Benzene and substituted derivatives	23
Benzofurans	36
Cinnamic acids and derivatives	22
Coumarins and derivatives	22
Flavonoids	136
Hydroxy acids and derivatives	21
Organooxygen compounds	198
Prenol lipids	4120
Steroids and steroid derivatives	810
Tannins	6128

Danh sách chi tiết các hoạt chất như sau:

Nhóm Benzene and substituted derivatives.

Nhóm Benzofurans.

Nhóm Cinnamic acids and derivatives.

Nhóm Coumarins and derivatives.

Nhóm Flavonoids.

Nhóm Hydroxy acids and derivatives.

Nhóm Organooxygen compounds.

Nhóm Prenol lipids.

Nhóm Steroids and steroid derivatives.

Nhóm Tannins.

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IV. Tác dụng dược lý

Theo tài liệu quốc tế: 1. To control the essence; 2. To astringe the intestines and stop diarrhea; 3. To decrease urination

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V. Dược điển Việt Nam V

Soi bột

nan

Vi phẫu

nan

Định tính

Lấy 2 g bột dược liệu, thêm 15 ml nước cất, đun cách thủy 5 min, lắc đều, lọc. Dùng dịch lọc để tiến hành các phản ứng sau: Lấy 1 ml dịch lọc, thêm 0,5 ml dung dịch natri hydrocarbonat bão hòa (TT), thêm một giọt dung  dịch sắt (III) clorid 5 % (TT). Lắc, dung dịch có màu tím đậm. Thêm 5 ml dung dịch acid hydrocloric 10 % (TT), dung dịch mất màu. Lấy 0,5 ml dịch lọc, thêm 1 ml thuốc thử Fehling (TT), đun sôi, xuất hiện tủa đỏ gạch. Nhỏ 1 giọt dịch lọc trên phiến kính, thêm 2 giọt dung dịch phenylhydrazin hydroclorid 10 % (TT), đậy lá kính lên. Vài phút sau soi kính hiển vi thấy có tinh thể hình kim màu vàng. Lắc mạnh 2 ml dịch lọc trong 1 min, xuất hiện nhiều bọt.

Định lượng

nan

Thông tin khác

• Độ ẩm: Không quá 15,0 % (Phụ lục 9.6, 1 g, 105 °C, 5 h).
• Bảo quản: Để nơi khô, thoáng, tránh mốc, mọt.

VI. Dược điển Hồng kong

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VII. Y dược học cổ truyền

nan

Tên vị thuốc: nan

Tính: nan

Vị: nan

Quy kinh: nan

Công năng chủ trị: Toan, cam, sáp, bình. Vào các kinh phế, thận, bàng quang.

Phân loại theo thông tư: nan

Tác dụng theo y dược cổ truyền: nan

Chú ý: nan

Kiêng kỵ: Có thấp nhiệt, tiểu tiện bí, rắt không nên dùng.

Cấu trúc hóa học của các hoạt chất thuộc nhóm Benzene and substituted derivatives là galop (LTS0222857).

Cấu trúc hóa học của các hoạt chất thuộc nhóm Benzofurans là loliolide (LTS0254454).

Cấu trúc hóa học của các hoạt chất thuộc nhóm Cinnamic acids and derivatives là para-coumaric acid (LTS0266252).

Cấu trúc hóa học của các hoạt chất thuộc nhóm Coumarins and derivatives là esculetin (LTS0067593).

Cấu trúc hóa học của các hoạt chất thuộc nhóm Flavonoids là (+)-catechol (LTS0117079), catechol (LTS0090912), (+)-epicatechin (LTS0222407).

Cấu trúc hóa học của các hoạt chất thuộc nhóm Hydroxy acids and derivatives là diethyl malate (LTS0207399).

Cấu trúc hóa học của các hoạt chất thuộc nhóm Organooxygen compounds là o1-methyl-glucose (LTS0211293), [(2s,3r,4r,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[2-hydroxy-4-(2-hydroxyethyl)phenoxy]oxan-2-yl]methyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate (LTS0152950), {3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[2-hydroxy-4-(2-hydroxyethyl)phenoxy]oxan-2-yl}methyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate (LTS0136677), methyl-α-d-mannoside (LTS0012148).

Cấu trúc hóa học của các hoạt chất thuộc nhóm Prenol lipids là euscaphic acid (LTS0205657), 10-hydroxy-11-methoxy-1,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,8a,10,11,12,12b,13,14b-tetradecahydro-1h-picene-4a-carboxylic acid (LTS0067806), methyl (1r,2r,4as,6as,6br,8ar,10s,11r,12ar,12br,14bs)-1,10,11-trihydroxy-1,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,8a,10,11,12,12b,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate (LTS0055427), 19α-hydroxyasiatic acid (LTS0215499), (1s,2r,4as,6as,6br,8ar,10r,11r,12ar,12br,14bs)-10-hydroxy-11-methoxy-1,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,8a,10,11,12,12b,13,14b-tetradecahydro-1h-picene-4a-carboxylic acid (LTS0075435), methyl 10,11-dihydroxy-1,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,8a,10,11,12,12b,13,14b-tetradecahydro-1h-picene-4a-carboxylate (LTS0154296), 1,10,11-trihydroxy-1,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,8a,10,11,12,12b,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid (LTS0013744), (1r,2r,4as,6as,6br,8ar,9r,10s,11r,12ar,12br,14bs)-1,10,11-trihydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-1,2,6a,6b,9,12a-hexamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,8a,10,11,12,12b,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid (LTS0101460), (2s,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl (1r,2r,4as,6as,6br,8ar,10r,11r,12ar,12br,14bs)-1,10,11-trihydroxy-1,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,8a,10,11,12,12b,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate (LTS0206047), (2s,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl (2s,4ar,6as,6br,8ar,9r,10r,11r,12ar,12br)-10,11-dihydroxy-2,9-bis(hydroxymethyl)-2,6a,6b,9,12a-pentamethyl-1,3,4,5,6,7,8,8a,10,11,12,12b,13,14-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate (LTS0118740), (2s,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl (1r,2r,4as,6as,6br,8ar,10s,11r,12ar,12br,14bs)-1,10,11-trihydroxy-1,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,8a,10,11,12,12b,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate (LTS0056517), 3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(methoxymethyl)oxan-2-yl 1,10,11-trihydroxy-1,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,8a,10,11,12,12b,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate (LTS0196274), methyl 1,10,11-trihydroxy-1,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,8a,10,11,12,12b,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate (LTS0274330), 10,11-dihydroxy-2,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-1,3,4,5,6,7,8,8a,10,11,12,12b,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid (LTS0167090), 10-hydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-2,2,6a,6b,9,12a-hexamethyl-1,3,4,5,6,7,8,8a,10,11,12,12b,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid (LTS0139989), 10,11-dihydroxy-1,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,8a,10,11,12,12b,13,14b-tetradecahydro-1h-picene-4a-carboxylic acid (LTS0122037), hederagenin (LTS0157813), (1r,2r,4as,6as,6br,8ar,10r,11r,12as,12br,13r,14bs)-1,10,11,13-tetrahydroxy-1,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,8a,10,11,12,12b,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid (LTS0153137), (1r,3as,5ar,5br,7ar,8r,9r,10r,11ar,11br,13ar,13br)-9,10-dihydroxy-8-(hydroxymethyl)-5a,5b,8,11a-tetramethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-hexadecahydrocyclopenta[a]chrysene-3a-carboxylic acid (LTS0155412), methyl (1r,2r,4as,6as,6br,8ar,10r,11r,12as,12br,13r,14bs)-1,10,11,13-tetrahydroxy-1,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,8a,10,11,12,12b,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate (LTS0101685), ursolic acid (LTS0250838), 10-hydroxy-1,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,8a,10,11,12,12b,13,14b-tetradecahydro-1h-picene-4a-carboxylic acid (LTS0166564), methyl (1s,2r,4as,6as,6br,8ar,10r,11r,12ar,12br,14bs)-10-hydroxy-11-methoxy-1,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,8a,10,11,12,12b,13,14b-tetradecahydro-1h-picene-4a-carboxylate (LTS0105757), 3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl 1,10,11-trihydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-1,2,6a,6b,9,12a-hexamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,8a,10,11,12,12b,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate (LTS0209667), (2s,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(methoxymethyl)oxan-2-yl (1r,2r,4as,6as,6br,8ar,10r,11r,12ar,12br,14bs)-1,10,11-trihydroxy-1,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,8a,10,11,12,12b,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate (LTS0213683), (4as,6as,6br,8ar,9r,10s,11r,12ar,12br,14bs)-10,11-dihydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-2,2,6a,6b,9,12a-hexamethyl-1,3,4,5,6,7,8,8a,10,11,12,12b,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid (LTS0088461), (2s,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl (1r,2r,4as,6as,6br,8ar,9r,10r,11r,12ar,12br,14bs)-1,10,11-trihydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-1,2,6a,6b,9,12a-hexamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,8a,10,11,12,12b,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate (LTS0222629), 9,10-dihydroxy-8-(hydroxymethyl)-5a,5b,8,11a-tetramethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-hexadecahydrocyclopenta[a]chrysene-3a-carboxylic acid (LTS0088264), corosolic acid (LTS0231285), oleanolic acid (LTS0141130), methyl 10-hydroxy-11-methoxy-1,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,8a,10,11,12,12b,13,14b-tetradecahydro-1h-picene-4a-carboxylate (LTS0207367), 1,10,11-trihydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-1,2,6a,6b,9,12a-hexamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,8a,10,11,12,12b,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid (LTS0156783), 3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl 1,10,11-trihydroxy-1,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,8a,10,11,12,12b,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate (LTS0195391), 10,11-dihydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-2,2,6a,6b,9,12a-hexamethyl-1,3,4,5,6,7,8,8a,10,11,12,12b,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid (LTS0258848), methyl (1r)-1,10,11-trihydroxy-1,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,8a,10,11,12,12b,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate (LTS0057567), maslinic acid (LTS0109701), 1,10,11,13-tetrahydroxy-1,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,8a,10,11,12,12b,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid (LTS0130506), tormentic acid (LTS0102591), methyl (1s,2r,4as,6as,6br,8ar,10r,11r,12ar,12br,14bs)-10,11-dihydroxy-1,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,8a,10,11,12,12b,13,14b-tetradecahydro-1h-picene-4a-carboxylate (LTS0250757), methyl 1,10,11,13-tetrahydroxy-1,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,8a,10,11,12,12b,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate (LTS0100796), methyl (1r,2r,4as,6as,6br,8ar,10r,11r,12ar,12br,14bs)-1,10,11-trihydroxy-1,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,8a,10,11,12,12b,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate (LTS0025404), oleanolic acid (LTS0117717).

Cấu trúc hóa học của các hoạt chất thuộc nhóm Steroids and steroid derivatives là (1r,3as,3bs,7s,9ar,9bs,11ar)-1-[(2r,5r)-5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl]-9a,11a-dimethyl-7-{[(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}-1h,2h,3h,3ah,3bh,6h,7h,8h,9h,9bh,10h,11h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-4-one (LTS0195048), (2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-2-{[(1r,3as,3bs,5ar,7s,9ar,9bs,11ar)-1-[(2r,5r)-5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl]-5a-hydroxy-9a,11a-dimethyl-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-7-yl]oxy}-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol (LTS0012602), 1-(5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-9a,11a-dimethyl-7-{[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}-1h,2h,3h,3ah,3bh,6h,7h,8h,9h,9bh,10h,11h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-4-one (LTS0257303), 2-{[1-(5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-5a-hydroxy-9a,11a-dimethyl-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-7-yl]oxy}-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol (LTS0144693), sitogluside (LTS0201798), 2-{[1-(5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-9a,11a-dimethyl-1h,2h,3h,3ah,3bh,4h,6h,7h,8h,9h,9bh,10h,11h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-7-yl]oxy}-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol (LTS0158828), 2-{[1-(5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-4-hydroxy-9a,11a-dimethyl-1h,2h,3h,3ah,3bh,4h,6h,7h,8h,9h,9bh,10h,11h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-7-yl]oxy}-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol (LTS0187674), (2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-2-{[(1r,3as,3bs,4r,7s,9ar,9bs,11ar)-1-[(2r,5r)-5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl]-4-hydroxy-9a,11a-dimethyl-1h,2h,3h,3ah,3bh,4h,6h,7h,8h,9h,9bh,10h,11h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-7-yl]oxy}-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol (LTS0029956).

Cấu trúc hóa học của các hoạt chất thuộc nhóm Tannins là ellagic acid (LTS0037297), 3,4,5,11,12,21,22,23-octahydroxy-8,18-dioxo-9,14,17-trioxatetracyclo[17.4.0.0²,⁷.0¹⁰,¹⁵]tricosa-1(23),2(7),3,5,19,21-hexaen-13-yl 2-[5-({[3,4,5,14,20,21,22-heptahydroxy-13-(hydroxymethyl)-8,17-dioxo-9,12,16-trioxatetracyclo[16.4.0.0²,⁷.0¹⁰,¹⁵]docosa-1(22),2(7),3,5,18,20-hexaen-11-yl]oxy}carbonyl)-2,3-dihydroxyphenoxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate (LTS0038398), 3,4,5,14,20,21,22-heptahydroxy-13-(hydroxymethyl)-8,17-dioxo-9,12,16-trioxatetracyclo[16.4.0.0²,⁷.0¹⁰,¹⁵]docosa-1(22),2(7),3,5,18,20-hexaen-11-yl 2-{5-[({7,8,9,12,13,14,28,29,30,33,34,35-dodecahydroxy-4,17,25,38-tetraoxo-3,18,21,24,39-pentaoxaheptacyclo[20.17.0.0²,¹⁹.0⁵,¹⁰.0¹¹,¹⁶.0²⁶,³¹.0³²,³⁷]nonatriaconta-5,7,9,11(16),12,14,26,28,30,32(37),33,35-dodecaen-20-yl}oxy)carbonyl]-2,3-dihydroxyphenoxy}-3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate (LTS0202006), 3-{6-[({7,8,9,12,13,14,28,29,30,33,34,35-dodecahydroxy-4,17,25,38-tetraoxo-3,18,21,24,39-pentaoxaheptacyclo[20.17.0.0²,¹⁹.0⁵,¹⁰.0¹¹,¹⁶.0²⁶,³¹.0³²,³⁷]nonatriaconta-5,7,9,11(16),12,14,26,28,30,32(37),33,35-dodecaen-20-yl}oxy)carbonyl]-2,3,4-trihydroxyphenoxy}-4,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (LTS0208883), 3,4,5,11,12,21,22,23-octahydroxy-8,18-dioxo-9,14,17-trioxatetracyclo[17.4.0.0²,⁷.0¹⁰,¹⁵]tricosa-1(23),2(7),3,5,19,21-hexaen-13-yl 2-{5-[({7,8,9,12,13,14,28,29,30,33,34,35-dodecahydroxy-4,17,25,38-tetraoxo-3,18,21,24,39-pentaoxaheptacyclo[20.17.0.0²,¹⁹.0⁵,¹⁰.0¹¹,¹⁶.0²⁶,³¹.0³²,³⁷]nonatriaconta-5,7,9,11(16),12,14,26,28,30,32(37),33,35-dodecaen-20-yl}oxy)carbonyl]-2,3-dihydroxyphenoxy}-3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate (LTS0173389), 7,8,9,12,13,14,28,29,30,33,34,35-dodecahydroxy-4,17,25,38-tetraoxo-3,18,21,24,39-pentaoxaheptacyclo[20.17.0.0²,¹⁹.0⁵,¹⁰.0¹¹,¹⁶.0²⁶,³¹.0³²,³⁷]nonatriaconta-5,7,9,11(16),12,14,26,28,30,32(37),33,35-dodecaen-20-yl 2-[5-({[3,4,5,14,20,21,22-heptahydroxy-13-(hydroxymethyl)-8,17-dioxo-9,12,16-trioxatetracyclo[16.4.0.0²,⁷.0¹⁰,¹⁵]docosa-1(22),2(7),3,5,18,20-hexaen-11-yl]oxy}carbonyl)-2,3-dihydroxyphenoxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate (LTS0180266), 2-{5-[({7,8,9,12,13,14,28,29,30,33,34,35-dodecahydroxy-4,17,25,38-tetraoxo-3,18,21,24,39-pentaoxaheptacyclo[20.17.0.0²,¹⁹.0⁵,¹⁰.0¹¹,¹⁶.0²⁶,³¹.0³²,³⁷]nonatriaconta-5,7,9,11(16),12,14,26,28,30,32(37),33,35-dodecaen-20-yl}oxy)carbonyl]-2,3-dihydroxyphenoxy}-3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid (LTS0061601), (1r,2s,19r,20r,22r)-7,8,9,12,13,14,28,29,30,33,34,35-dodecahydroxy-4,17,25,38-tetraoxo-3,18,21,24,39-pentaoxaheptacyclo[20.17.0.0²,¹⁹.0⁵,¹⁰.0¹¹,¹⁶.0²⁶,³¹.0³²,³⁷]nonatriaconta-5,7,9,11(16),12,14,26,28,30,32(37),33,35-dodecaen-20-yl 2-[2,3-dihydroxy-5-({[(10s,11s,12r,13s,15r)-3,4,5,11,13,21,22,23-octahydroxy-8,18-dioxo-9,14,17-trioxatetracyclo[17.4.0.0²,⁷.0¹⁰,¹⁵]tricosa-1(23),2(7),3,5,19,21-hexaen-12-yl]oxy}carbonyl)phenoxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate (LTS0187848), (1r,2s,19r,20r,22r)-7,8,9,12,13,14,28,29,30,33,34,35-dodecahydroxy-4,17,25,38-tetraoxo-3,18,21,24,39-pentaoxaheptacyclo[20.17.0.0²,¹⁹.0⁵,¹⁰.0¹¹,¹⁶.0²⁶,³¹.0³²,³⁷]nonatriaconta-5,7,9,11(16),12,14,26,28,30,32(37),33,35-dodecaen-20-yl 2-[5-({[(1r,2s,19r,20r,22r)-7,8,9,12,13,14,28,29,30,33,34,35-dodecahydroxy-4,17,25,38-tetraoxo-3,18,21,24,39-pentaoxaheptacyclo[20.17.0.0²,¹⁹.0⁵,¹⁰.0¹¹,¹⁶.0²⁶,³¹.0³²,³⁷]nonatriaconta-5,7,9,11(16),12,14,26,28,30,32(37),33,35-dodecaen-20-yl]oxy}carbonyl)-2,3-dihydroxyphenoxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate (LTS0113088), (1r,2s,19r,20r,22r)-7,8,9,12,13,14,28,29,30,33,34,35-dodecahydroxy-4,17,25,38-tetraoxo-3,18,21,24,39-pentaoxaheptacyclo[20.17.0.0²,¹⁹.0⁵,¹⁰.0¹¹,¹⁶.0²⁶,³¹.0³²,³⁷]nonatriaconta-5,7,9,11(16),12,14,26,28,30,32(37),33,35-dodecaen-20-yl 2-[5-({[(10r,11r,13r,14r,15s)-3,4,5,14,20,21,22-heptahydroxy-13-(hydroxymethyl)-8,17-dioxo-9,12,16-trioxatetracyclo[16.4.0.0²,⁷.0¹⁰,¹⁵]docosa-1(22),2(7),3,5,18,20-hexaen-11-yl]oxy}carbonyl)-2,3-dihydroxyphenoxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate (LTS0164179), (10r,11r,13r,14r,15s)-3,4,5,14,20,21,22-heptahydroxy-13-(hydroxymethyl)-8,17-dioxo-9,12,16-trioxatetracyclo[16.4.0.0²,⁷.0¹⁰,¹⁵]docosa-1(22),2(7),3,5,18,20-hexaen-11-yl 2-[5-({[(10r,11r,13r,14r,15s)-3,4,5,14,20,21,22-heptahydroxy-13-(hydroxymethyl)-8,17-dioxo-9,12,16-trioxatetracyclo[16.4.0.0²,⁷.0¹⁰,¹⁵]docosa-1(22),2(7),3,5,18,20-hexaen-11-yl]oxy}carbonyl)-2,3-dihydroxyphenoxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate (LTS0175540), (10s,11s,13r,14r,15s)-3,4,5,14,20,21,22-heptahydroxy-13-(hydroxymethyl)-8,17-dioxo-9,12,16-trioxatetracyclo[16.4.0.0²,⁷.0¹⁰,¹⁵]docosa-1(22),2(7),3,5,18,20-hexaen-11-yl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate (LTS0272893), 6-{[3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy}-7,13,14-trihydroxy-2,9-dioxatetracyclo[6.6.2.0⁴,¹⁶.0¹¹,¹⁵]hexadeca-1(15),4,6,8(16),11,13-hexaene-3,10-dione (LTS0191766), (10r,11r,13r,14r,15s)-3,4,5,14,20,21,22-heptahydroxy-13-(hydroxymethyl)-8,17-dioxo-9,12,16-trioxatetracyclo[16.4.0.0²,⁷.0¹⁰,¹⁵]docosa-1(22),2(7),3,5,18,20-hexaen-11-yl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate (LTS0176688), (10s,11r,12r,13r,15r)-3,4,5,11,12,21,22,23-octahydroxy-8,18-dioxo-9,14,17-trioxatetracyclo[17.4.0.0²,⁷.0¹⁰,¹⁵]tricosa-1(23),2(7),3,5,19,21-hexaen-13-yl 2-[5-({[(1r,2s,19r,20r,22r)-7,8,9,12,13,14,28,29,30,33,34,35-dodecahydroxy-4,17,25,38-tetraoxo-3,18,21,24,39-pentaoxaheptacyclo[20.17.0.0²,¹⁹.0⁵,¹⁰.0¹¹,¹⁶.0²⁶,³¹.0³²,³⁷]nonatriaconta-5,7,9,11(16),12,14,26,28,30,32(37),33,35-dodecaen-20-yl]oxy}carbonyl)-2,3-dihydroxyphenoxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate (LTS0138471), 6,7,14-trihydroxy-13-{[(2r,3r,4s,5r)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy}-2,9-dioxatetracyclo[6.6.2.0⁴,¹⁶.0¹¹,¹⁵]hexadeca-1(15),4,6,8(16),11,13-hexaene-3,10-dione (LTS0162363), (1r,2s,19r,20r,22r)-7,8,9,12,13,14,28,29,30,33,34,35-dodecahydroxy-4,17,25,38-tetraoxo-3,18,21,24,39-pentaoxaheptacyclo[20.17.0.0²,¹⁹.0⁵,¹⁰.0¹¹,¹⁶.0²⁶,³¹.0³²,³⁷]nonatriaconta-5,7,9,11(16),12,14,26,28,30,32(37),33,35-dodecaen-20-yl 2-[2,3-dihydroxy-5-({[(10s,11s,12r,15r)-3,4,5,11,13,21,22,23-octahydroxy-8,18-dioxo-9,14,17-trioxatetracyclo[17.4.0.0²,⁷.0¹⁰,¹⁵]tricosa-1(23),2(7),3,5,19,21-hexaen-12-yl]oxy}carbonyl)phenoxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate (LTS0105116), 2-[5-({[(10r,11r,13r,14r,15s)-3,4,5,14,20,21,22-heptahydroxy-13-(hydroxymethyl)-8,17-dioxo-9,12,16-trioxatetracyclo[16.4.0.0²,⁷.0¹⁰,¹⁵]docosa-1(22),2(7),3,5,18,20-hexaen-11-yl]oxy}carbonyl)-2,3-dihydroxyphenoxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid (LTS0274555), 7,8,9,12,13,14,28,29,30,33,34,35-dodecahydroxy-4,17,25,38-tetraoxo-3,18,21,24,39-pentaoxaheptacyclo[20.17.0.0²,¹⁹.0⁵,¹⁰.0¹¹,¹⁶.0²⁶,³¹.0³²,³⁷]nonatriaconta-5,7,9,11(16),12,14,26,28,30,32(37),33,35-dodecaen-20-yl 2-{2,3-dihydroxy-5-[({3,4,5,11,13,21,22,23-octahydroxy-8,18-dioxo-9,14,17-trioxatetracyclo[17.4.0.0²,⁷.0¹⁰,¹⁵]tricosa-1(23),2(7),3,5,19,21-hexaen-12-yl}oxy)carbonyl]phenoxy}-3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate (LTS0243458), 6,7,14-trihydroxy-13-[(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxy]-2,9-dioxatetracyclo[6.6.2.0⁴,¹⁶.0¹¹,¹⁵]hexadeca-1(15),4,6,8(16),11,13-hexaene-3,10-dione (LTS0265081), 6-{[(2s,3r,4r,5s)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy}-7,13,14-trihydroxy-2,9-dioxatetracyclo[6.6.2.0⁴,¹⁶.0¹¹,¹⁵]hexadeca-1(15),4,6,8(16),11,13-hexaene-3,10-dione (LTS0258176), (10r,11r,13r,14r,15s)-3,4,5,14,20,21,22-heptahydroxy-13-(hydroxymethyl)-8,17-dioxo-9,12,16-trioxatetracyclo[16.4.0.0²,⁷.0¹⁰,¹⁵]docosa-1(22),2(7),3,5,18,20-hexaen-11-yl 2-[5-({[(1r,2s,19r,20r,22r)-7,8,9,12,13,14,28,29,30,33,34,35-dodecahydroxy-4,17,25,38-tetraoxo-3,18,21,24,39-pentaoxaheptacyclo[20.17.0.0²,¹⁹.0⁵,¹⁰.0¹¹,¹⁶.0²⁶,³¹.0³²,³⁷]nonatriaconta-5,7,9,11(16),12,14,26,28,30,32(37),33,35-dodecaen-20-yl]oxy}carbonyl)-2,3-dihydroxyphenoxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate (LTS0217104), (1r,2s,19r,20s,22r)-7,8,9,12,13,14,20,28,29,30,33,34,35-tridecahydroxy-3,18,21,24,39-pentaoxaheptacyclo[20.17.0.0²,¹⁹.0⁵,¹⁰.0¹¹,¹⁶.0²⁶,³¹.0³²,³⁷]nonatriaconta-5(10),6,8,11,13,15,26(31),27,29,32,34,36-dodecaene-4,17,25,38-tetrone (LTS0272643), (10s,11r,12r,13r,15r)-3,4,5,11,12,21,22,23-octahydroxy-8,18-dioxo-9,14,17-trioxatetracyclo[17.4.0.0²,⁷.0¹⁰,¹⁵]tricosa-1(23),2(7),3,5,19,21-hexaen-13-yl 2-[5-({[(10r,11r,13r,14r,15s)-3,4,5,14,20,21,22-heptahydroxy-13-(hydroxymethyl)-8,17-dioxo-9,12,16-trioxatetracyclo[16.4.0.0²,⁷.0¹⁰,¹⁵]docosa-1(22),2(7),3,5,18,20-hexaen-11-yl]oxy}carbonyl)-2,3-dihydroxyphenoxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate (LTS0231291), 2-[5-({[3,4,5,14,20,21,22-heptahydroxy-13-(hydroxymethyl)-8,17-dioxo-9,12,16-trioxatetracyclo[16.4.0.0²,⁷.0¹⁰,¹⁵]docosa-1(22),2(7),3,5,18,20-hexaen-11-yl]oxy}carbonyl)-2,3-dihydroxyphenoxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid (LTS0213212), 7,8,9,12,13,14,20,28,29,30,33,34,35-tridecahydroxy-3,18,21,24,39-pentaoxaheptacyclo[20.17.0.0²,¹⁹.0⁵,¹⁰.0¹¹,¹⁶.0²⁶,³¹.0³²,³⁷]nonatriaconta-5(10),6,8,11,13,15,26(31),27,29,32,34,36-dodecaene-4,17,25,38-tetrone (LTS0221409), 3-[6-({[(1r,2s,19r,20r,22r)-7,8,9,12,13,14,28,29,30,33,34,35-dodecahydroxy-4,17,25,38-tetraoxo-3,18,21,24,39-pentaoxaheptacyclo[20.17.0.0²,¹⁹.0⁵,¹⁰.0¹¹,¹⁶.0²⁶,³¹.0³²,³⁷]nonatriaconta-5,7,9,11(16),12,14,26,28,30,32(37),33,35-dodecaen-20-yl]oxy}carbonyl)-2,3,4-trihydroxyphenoxy]-4,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (LTS0239507), casuarictin (LTS0241644), 3,4,5,14,20,21,22-heptahydroxy-13-(hydroxymethyl)-8,17-dioxo-9,12,16-trioxatetracyclo[16.4.0.0²,⁷.0¹⁰,¹⁵]docosa-1(22),2(7),3,5,18,20-hexaen-11-yl 2-[5-({[3,4,5,14,20,21,22-heptahydroxy-13-(hydroxymethyl)-8,17-dioxo-9,12,16-trioxatetracyclo[16.4.0.0²,⁷.0¹⁰,¹⁵]docosa-1(22),2(7),3,5,18,20-hexaen-11-yl]oxy}carbonyl)-2,3-dihydroxyphenoxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate (LTS0233902), (1r,2s,19r,20r,22r)-7,8,9,12,13,14,28,29,30,33,34,35-dodecahydroxy-4,17,25,38-tetraoxo-3,18,21,24,39-pentaoxaheptacyclo[20.17.0.0²,¹⁹.0⁵,¹⁰.0¹¹,¹⁶.0²⁶,³¹.0³²,³⁷]nonatriaconta-5,7,9,11(16),12,14,26,28,30,32(37),33,35-dodecaen-20-yl 2-[2,3-dihydroxy-5-({[(10s,11s,12r,13r,15r)-3,4,5,11,13,21,22,23-octahydroxy-8,18-dioxo-9,14,17-trioxatetracyclo[17.4.0.0²,⁷.0¹⁰,¹⁵]tricosa-1(19),2,4,6,20,22-hexaen-12-yl]oxy}carbonyl)phenoxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate (LTS0143858), (1r,2s,19r,22r)-7,8,9,12,13,14,20,28,29,30,33,34,35-tridecahydroxy-3,18,21,24,39-pentaoxaheptacyclo[20.17.0.0²,¹⁹.0⁵,¹⁰.0¹¹,¹⁶.0²⁶,³¹.0³²,³⁷]nonatriaconta-5(10),6,8,11,13,15,26(31),27,29,32,34,36-dodecaene-4,17,25,38-tetrone (LTS0137167), 7,8,9,12,13,14,28,29,30,33,34,35-dodecahydroxy-4,17,24,38-tetraoxo-3,18,21,25,39-pentaoxaheptacyclo[20.17.0.0²,¹⁹.0⁵,¹⁰.0¹¹,¹⁶.0²⁶,³¹.0³²,³⁷]nonatriaconta-5(10),6,8,11,13,15,26(31),27,29,32,34,36-dodecaen-20-yl 2-[5-({[3,4,5,14,20,21,22-heptahydroxy-13-(hydroxymethyl)-8,17-dioxo-9,12,16-trioxatetracyclo[16.4.0.0²,⁷.0¹⁰,¹⁵]docosa-1(22),2(7),3,5,18,20-hexaen-11-yl]oxy}carbonyl)-2,3-dihydroxyphenoxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate (LTS0055157), 3,4,5,14,20,21,22-heptahydroxy-13-(hydroxymethyl)-8,17-dioxo-9,12,16-trioxatetracyclo[16.4.0.0²,⁷.0¹⁰,¹⁵]docosa-1(22),2(7),3,5,18,20-hexaen-11-yl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate (LTS0005266), 2-[5-({[(1r,2s,19r,20r,22r)-7,8,9,12,13,14,28,29,30,33,34,35-dodecahydroxy-4,17,25,38-tetraoxo-3,18,21,24,39-pentaoxaheptacyclo[20.17.0.0²,¹⁹.0⁵,¹⁰.0¹¹,¹⁶.0²⁶,³¹.0³²,³⁷]nonatriaconta-5,7,9,11(16),12,14,26,28,30,32(37),33,35-dodecaen-20-yl]oxy}carbonyl)-2,3-dihydroxyphenoxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid (LTS0014197), 7,8,9,12,13,14,28,29,30,33,34,35-dodecahydroxy-4,17,25,38-tetraoxo-3,18,21,24,39-pentaoxaheptacyclo[20.17.0.0²,¹⁹.0⁵,¹⁰.0¹¹,¹⁶.0²⁶,³¹.0³²,³⁷]nonatriaconta-5,7,9,11(16),12,14,26,28,30,32(37),33,35-dodecaen-20-yl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate (LTS0009009), 7,8,9,12,13,14,28,29,30,33,34,35-dodecahydroxy-4,17,25,38-tetraoxo-3,18,21,24,39-pentaoxaheptacyclo[20.17.0.0²,¹⁹.0⁵,¹⁰.0¹¹,¹⁶.0²⁶,³¹.0³²,³⁷]nonatriaconta-5,7,9,11(16),12,14,26,28,30,32(37),33,35-dodecaen-20-yl 2-{5-[({7,8,9,12,13,14,28,29,30,33,34,35-dodecahydroxy-4,17,25,38-tetraoxo-3,18,21,24,39-pentaoxaheptacyclo[20.17.0.0²,¹⁹.0⁵,¹⁰.0¹¹,¹⁶.0²⁶,³¹.0³²,³⁷]nonatriaconta-5,7,9,11(16),12,14,26,28,30,32(37),33,35-dodecaen-20-yl}oxy)carbonyl]-2,3-dihydroxyphenoxy}-3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate (LTS0029337).